Waste incineration fly ash contains more toxic substances, its harmless disposal is facing great difficulties. However, cement kiln co-processing fly ash technology provides a viable solution with obvious advantages. Although there are some shortcomings in this technology, its economic, social and environmental benefits have gradually become more prominent.

Put fly ash, what will happen? The land of the earth, burning pain, talk about gray change, bath water rebirth ......

Waste incineration fly ash in chloride, heavy metals, dioxins and other toxic substances more, China's Environmental Protection Agency will define it as hazardous waste, code-named HW18. Due to the domestic non-waste classification basis, the instability and composition of fly ash contaminants make it difficult to innocent disposal and recycling cycle.

Cement kiln co-disposal of fly ash technology, environmental protection and reliability, processing costs and reasonable, plaguing the major cities in the country "Garbage Besieged City" provides a viable industry chain disposal terminal technology.

How much fly ash to know

Where did you come from?

Waste incineration Fly ash is a light-weight, small-particle powder material that is mainly collected in flue gas pipes, flue gas purification devices, cyclone separators, and bag filters during the incineration of household wastes.

How much?

China's waste incineration mainly in fluidized bed and grate furnace mainly two types of furnace processing capacity accounted for the proportion of China's household wastes 1: 2, the fluidized bed incinerator fly ash produced about the quality of the garbage into the 15- 20%, grate furnace fly ash generated about 3-5% of the amount of garbage into the furnace.

According to the "Thirteen Five Urban Domestic Waste Harmless Treatment Facilities Construction Plan," during the 13th Five-Year Plan, the national plan to increase the innocent disposal capacity of domestic waste of 509,700 tons / day, the city's municipal solid waste incineration capacity accounted for harmless The total capacity of 50%, the eastern region reached 60%. Incineration of explosive growth in the industry, the future a huge amount of fly ash.

By the end of 2020, total waste incineration amounted to 591,400 tons / day, with an annual output of about 10 million tons of fly ash.

Complex composition, toxicity

Municipal solid waste incineration fly ash contains not only a large amount of heavy metals such as inorganic pollutants such as Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn, but also high concentrations of organic carcinogens such as dioxins with the highest toxicity. Therefore, China National Environmental Protection Agency defines domestic waste incineration fly ash as a national hazardous waste (codenamed HW18).

Resource characteristics

Fly ash in the insoluble mainly calcium, silicon, aluminum, iron and other inorganic components, which is the use of cement kiln fly ash one of the advantages of this part of the composition of about 60-70% of the total fly ash, At present, the country produces 4 million tons of fly ash per year, which will replace 2.8 million tons of high-quality limestone after being decontaminated.

Main policy support

"Reply on Relevant Issues on Municipal Solid Waste Incineration Fly Ash Handling" Circular Letter 2014 (122): Fly ash should not be sent to building materials companies with cement and river sand as standard bricks when there is no relevant comprehensive utilization standard at present. Comprehensive utilization, only in accordance with "cement kiln co-disposal of solid waste pollution control standards" (GB30485-2013) requirements, the use of cement kiln co-disposal and other means of comprehensive utilization.

"Hazardous Waste Exemption Management List": Disposal of domestic waste incineration fly ash to meet the "cement kiln co-disposal of solid waste pollution control standards" (GB30485-2013), into the cement kiln co-disposal, cement kiln co-disposal process not in accordance with hazardous waste management; increase To deal with the enthusiasm of enterprises.

The Opinions on Promoting Collaborative Recycling of Production Processes in Cities and Industrial Waste pointed out greater support for promoting the use of existing cement kilns to co-process waste incineration fly ash and other hazardous wastes.

The Guidelines for the Implementation of Green Manufacturing Engineering (2016-2020) indicate that it is encouraged to promote cement kiln co-processing of fly ash and other solid waste to promote industrial integration.

Cement kiln synergistic fly ash

Landfill restrictions

Fly ash landfill disposal is the main disposal mode in the near future, but with the increase of environmental monitoring efforts, its uncontrollable potential risks to the environment will limit its widespread application.

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