How to effectively improve the processing capacity of mineral processing

Conventional crushing process to produce materials that are finer for the mill

To increase the processing capacity of the ore dressing , the grain size must be strictly controlled to ensure that it is within a reasonable range. The grinding grain size is too coarse, and the coarse grain is prolonged in the mill to the specified fineness retention time, which affects the processing capacity and efficiency of the mill; if it is too fine, the slime will be produced, and various beneficiation methods cannot be effectively recovered. In actual production, the muddy condition is very small, and the reduction of the grinding grain size can increase the processing capacity of the ore dressing. According to relevant practice, the amount of crushing can be increased by 1% to 2% for every 1 mm of crushing particle size. In fact, the mills of different scales have suitable mill feed sizes, such as 6 mm - 12 mm for 1,000 tons of daily processing and 4 mm - 8 mm for 4,000 tons.

The grinding grain size is the crushing of the final product. Reducing the grinding grain size means that the crushing operation produces a finer product. The crushing process is two-stage open, two-and-a-half-and-half, or two-stage and three-stage closed-circuit, requiring reasonable selection of suitable performance. broken screening equipment, a reasonable alignment of the sections and gap crusher setting, a reasonable allocation of each segment crushing ratio, a reasonable choice of material mesh structure, the mesh size. A 75-ton/day selection plant adopts a two-stage open-circuit crushing process. When the second-stage PSHC150×350 double-cavity gyro crusher is replaced by a PC66 hammer crusher , the grinding grain size is less than 10 mm, and the ore processing capacity is 110 tons/day. . Most of the selected plants use Nordberg's GP100-MF medium-cavity cone crusher to replace the original crushing equipment PYZ1200 cone crusher, so that the final particle size of the crushed ore is reduced from below 20 mm to less than 10 mm, which improves the processing capacity of the beneficiation. A selection plant adopts a two-stage closed-circuit sieving process. When the circular sieve screen is changed from a zigzag structure to a 毫米6 mm steel woven, the screen surface with a 15° inclination angle is 20× from the top to the bottom. 20, 18 × 18, 16 × 16 (mm), the results of the product size of less than 17 mm, so that the processing capacity of the beneficiation from the previous 380 tons to 450 tons.

In the conventional crushing process, the energy consumption of crushed ore is 1/3-1/4 of the grinding, or even smaller, but the efficiency is much higher than that of grinding. Therefore, under the permission of production conditions, the role of crushing operations should be fully utilized. It advocates “multiple crushing and less grinding” to provide fine grinding materials, increase the processing capacity of the mill and increase the processing capacity of mineral processing. The screening operation plays the role of “gate” in the crushing process, especially for screening. It is necessary to promote the “equal screening” working system to improve the capacity and ensure the quality of the product under the screening. To purify the ore, iron removal of woody debris quality and class, can be installed on the screening belt loop suspended magnetic separator, such as CXT type, as well as RCDB type, and establish an incentive mechanism to strengthen this artificial hand-selected.

Broken dry type is more efficient than wet type, but it is dusty, pollutes the environment and is harmful to employees' health. The muddy oxidized ore is combined with the primary ore to have high crushing efficiency. If necessary, the sifting and sieving should be removed after the coarse crushing, so that the ore on the sieve is broken, and the ore is crushed and returned to the closed circuit. The shale containing the ingredients is concentrated and then floated. The concentrated overflow is recycled for the grinding classification circuit.

The semi-self-grinding process should build the original mine granary sieve, rationally blend the ore, adjust the steel ball ratio to make up, and increase the two-stage load.

In the conventional crushing operation, it is necessary to reduce the grain size of the grinding, which will inevitably increase the total crushing ratio, complicate the crushing process and increase the cost, and the semi-self-grinding process overcomes the shortcomings of the conventional crushing process, simplifying and significantly shortening the process. The crushing ratio is large, saving space, infrastructure investment and equipment purchase costs, and reducing the number of troubles such as maintenance. In particular, the semi- autogenous grinding machine has a large diameter and a short cylinder structure, and the ore is mutually impacted by the high drop between the steel ball and the hard stone, and is strongly ground and peeled, and finally cracked, pulverized, and ground. A mine is a stable semi-autogenous grinding machine with a grain size of 5 and 7 strips, and 28 steel columns with a length of more than 3 meters and a diameter of 80 mm are formed to form two solid mesh structures. And together they will become the original mine silo sieve. The length, width and thickness of the steel plate are 13000×250×20 (mm), and the “vertical knife” arrangement makes the minerals agglomerated like garnet , after being sieved, it is smashed, hit, cracked and broken under the action of its own gravity. , through the screen into the process. The large ore is sifted on the screen, and the hammer is hammered by the artificial hammer, and the steel plate is used for the crime. The comparison found that the semi-autogenous grinding cost savings of 12.82 yuan per ton compared to the conventional grinding process.

The semi-self-grinding process can improve the ore processing capacity, and can also be completed by matching high and low grade, quartz vein and altered rock, primary ore and muddy oxidized ore. When the ratio is 3:1, the throughput is increased by at least 3.7%. A SAG process of the election process plant containing about 10 grams of gold / ton of high-grade quartz vein ore, the ore found hardness, density are large, consider full recovery of gold, the first daily processing capacity of only 270 tons, followed by the election with 1.8å…‹ / ton of low-grade altered rock ore, after the daily processing capacity increased by 100 tons, the gold content of the mixed ore reached 7.78 g / ton, and the fine tailings grades were normal.

Paying attention to the removal of the spent ball, fragmentation or abrasion of the residual ball in the mill, can increase the mill production capacity by about 5%. "Clearing the ball" is the opportunity to use the grinder to stop, empty the material, pour out all the steel balls, pick the steel ball and the broken ball according to the level, stack the weighing separately, and then adjust the remaining according to the standard proportion. A mine selection plant insisted on “clearing the ball” once a month, increasing the processing capacity of the ore by 4.2%. The small residual ball discharged from the semi-autogenous mill can easily damage the pipeline and the pump impeller. The energy consumption affects the processing capacity. After the magnetic arc separator is installed at the discharge port, the magnetic ball can be removed to the residual ball. The forced elimination of qualified products in the self-grinding mill increases the throughput accordingly. After adding a magnetic arc to the semi-autogenous mill exit of a mine, 0.5 tons of debris was removed from each shift. It was found that the particle size was greater than 70 mm, 20% less than 20 mm, and 80% between 35 mm and 45 mm. Because of the gold content, it is necessary to pick and recycle. The magnetic properties measured by magnets were 5.40% and 5.81%, respectively, and in the range of 5% to 6%, it was mostly hematite. The forced discharge and timely cleaning of the broken ball fragments in the semi-autogenous grinding machine chamber increases the daily processing capacity by 2.5%.

Improving the quality of steel balls, determining the maximum steel ball diameter and reasonable steel ball ratio and replenishment are effective ways to improve the processing capacity of mineral processing. A semi-self-grinding process selection plant, in the semi-autogenous mill to add ∮100 steel ball 2 tons, 245 kW motor current is maintained at 400 amps -420 amps, filling rate 6% -8%. With this two-stage ball mill as the object, the steel balls of 1 ton and half ton of slowly adding ∮80 and ∮60 are 3 tons and 4 tons each, and the current of 250 kW is maintained at 320 amps to 340 amps, and the filling rate is 38. About %, arrange a special person to observe the temperature of the two-stage mill reducer and the motor, and the daily processing capacity increased from 360 tons to 400 tons. Then, according to the production team, 321 × 3 balls of 260.0 kg were added to the second-stage ball mill in daily, and the daily processing capacity reached 447 tons, which was increased by nearly 50 tons.

Increasing the load of the second-stage ball mill can also increase the processing capacity of the beneficiation. A mine selection plant assigned the sand returning part of the classifier to the second-stage ball mill, which changed the imbalance of “one section of death and two stages of starvation” on the load, and the size of the cyclone nozzle was changed from 25 mm to 35 mm. 50 mm, continue to increase the load of the second-stage ball mill. As a result, the daily processing capacity is increased by 70 to 80 tons under the normal tailings index.

If the mill gives too much ore, it will cause swelling. After the belly is swollen, the semi-self-grinding machine increases, and the ball mill descends because the semi-self-grinding machine is mixed with 80 mm-100 mm boulder, and the amount of grinding after the swelling is significantly increased, which is about eight or nine of the steel ball. Times, the load increases, and after the ball mill is swollen, the mineral steel balls are mixed for centrifugation and the load is reduced.

Ore hardness, density, one mill speed model, grader overflow concentration

The hardness and density of the ore and the rotational speed of a section of the ball mill have an effect on the processing capacity of the ore. The hardness of the ore is large, indicating that the structure is dense, and it takes a long time to achieve the fineness of the product, thus affecting the processing capacity of the mill. The ore density is high, the grinding concentration can also be controlled higher, and the high concentration grinding is advocated because the viscosity of the slurry can prolong the grinding time, but it also affects the processing volume. Practice shows that the ball mill with smooth lining, when the filling rate is 30%-40%, properly reduce the grinding concentration, so that the mill speed can be increased to 100%-104% of the initial speed, the processing time can generally increase by 10 % - 30%, but it will also reduce the fineness of grinding, so the speed of the mill should be considered comprehensively. Practice has shown that the mill lattice type is more than 15% higher than the overflow type treatment. Due to the unique grid plate and the lifting bucket in the fan-shaped chamber, a low level of forced ore discharge is realized, and the finely ground ore can be discharged in time, the crushing phenomenon is light, the grinding speed is fast, and the efficiency is high. The hollow shaft diameter of the overflow type discharge end is slightly larger than the feed end, which belongs to the unforced high level discharge, the speed is slow, the mineral material stays in the machine for a long time, the effective effect of the medium is low, and the overgrind is serious, so the treatment The amount is lower than the lattice type of the same specification. Reduce the additional water in the overflow of the classifier, increase the overflow concentration of the classifier, such as from 52% to 63%, reduce the fineness, such as from 46% to 32%, can increase the discharge of overflow minerals, improve A section of mill processing capacity.

Under the constant maintenance of process equipment and facilities, the improvement of ore processing capacity has always been the subject of mine research. Adhere to the "multiple crushing and less grinding", let the conventional crushing process produce more fine products; vigorously promote the semi-autogenous grinding process with large crushing ratio and saving investment cost, build the original mine bin, and make the ore, steel ball and load series Work; determine the best processing capacity according to the hardness and density of the ore, and appropriately increase the speed of one section and the overflow concentration of the classifier, and also increase the throughput of the stage.

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