The nationalization of reducer is the only way
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At present, the sudden emergence of the robot market in China cannot cover up the small and scattered status quo in the field of robotics in China, nor does it mean that China’s robot industry has completely emerged. At the very least, in the field of core components such as speed reducers, we cannot achieve autonomy soon. In the robotics industry, the cost of core components accounts for more than 70% of robots. The controller is equivalent to the brain, the servo drive is equivalent to the spinal motor, the servo motor is equivalent to muscle, and the reducer is equivalent to the joint. The performance of any of the above parts affects the overall performance. Then, how should China develop the upstream components, especially the reducer?
The robot industry chain is broadly divided into upstream key components, midstream system integration, and downstream applications. In all core components, the reducer is the most critical. Reducer, also called "robot joint", is a core transmission component of high-end automation equipment represented by industrial robots. On the road of the rise of domestic robots, the industrialization and automation of speed reducers are very important.
Ten billion market blue ocean period
The reducer is a key part of the robot, especially in the field of industrial machines. The speed reducer can stably complete all kinds of processes in the production process, and has extremely high precision in the positioning and repeated positioning of motion. In particular, precision reducers must be used in jobs requiring high accuracy. Although the servo motor also has the function of ensuring accuracy, it is not ideal to simply increase the power of the servo motor in some tasks with a large load, and to increase the output torque with the reducer when appropriate. It becomes a better solution. Therefore, the decelerator has a large number of applications on various articulated robots, and various types of decelerators are used depending on the parts of the robot body.
In the “Made in China 2025†plan, the key point was to “break through the technical bottleneck of key components such as robot reducers†as the development direction of the robot industry. At present, China's reducer industry is still a blue ocean. According to the statistics of the China Reducer Industry Report of the Industry Research Institute of Forward-looking Industry, robots will gradually become popular on a global scale, and the market size of service robots will reach nearly 20 billion U.S. dollars by 2020.
Localization is imminent
In the manufacture of robots, due to its importance, the speed reducer is in the upstream of the industrial chain, and at the same time it occupies a higher weight in the manufacturing cost of the robot. Taking the price of a 6-axis robot for 250,000 yuan as an example, the cost of a reducer has reached nearly 100,000. However, it is regrettable that at present, China's reducer, especially the precision reducer is a serious injury in the development process of China's robot industry, but also need to rely on imports, the high price is constantly reducing the profit of China's robot manufacturing space. Therefore, for the development of the robot robot industry in China, the localization of precision reducers is imminent and is a major issue in the future development strategy.
At present, the price of reducer is on the downward trend. Since the joint venture between Nabtesco and Shanghai Mechatronics, with the increase of production capacity of domestic robots in China and the development of domestic robots, the price of RV reducers has gradually declined. However, China's speed reducers, especially the precision speed reducers, have not been realized, and they still need to rely on imports. The high import cost has become an important reason for continuously reducing the profit margin of China's robot manufacturing industry. Therefore, if we want to make a breakthrough in the development of the reducer market in China, we need to pay more patience and investment.
to sum up
The data provided by China Robotics Federation shows that in the next 10 years, China’s industrial robot market will reach 600 billion yuan, while an industrial robot needs 4-8 joint reducers, and the market for robot reducers will exceed 100 billion yuan. Although domestic demand for robot reducers has great potential, the domestic market is still occupied by foreign brands. According to statistics, as of now, the number of domestic robot companies has exceeded 420, but only 13 of them have studied the gear reducer, and only 5 have made initial progress in the RV reducer, and the current R&D is still in progress. Therefore, providing precision and speed-reducing components with large scale and reliable performance is the most important task for industrialization and autonomy of robots in China.