Reporter's Dialogue with Researcher Ni Pengfei of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences: China Enters a New Stage of Growth Mainly Based on Urban Society

The Chinese Academy of Social Sciences recently released the “2012 China City Competitiveness Blue Book: Report on China’s Urban Competitiveness” (hereinafter referred to as the “Report”). Since 2003, the report has been issued once a year. This year is the tenth year. This year’s report puts forward a series of viewpoints. For example, the urban population of China surpassed the rural population for the first time in 2011, marking a historic turning point in China’s social structure; while urbanization has promoted economic development, “city disease” has also changed along with it. Wait. With regard to such new judgments, the Xinhua News reporter recently interviewed the report leader, researcher of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences and director of the Urban and Competitive Research Center Ni Pengfei.

"China is entering a new stage of growth based on urban society"

Xinhuanet Reporter: The report pointed out that 2012 is a very important strategic year for urbanization in China, with the urban population exceeding the rural population for the first time and the urbanization level exceeding 50%. From an agricultural country with a history of several thousand years of agricultural civilization, China has entered a period of new growth with urban society as its main body. How do you see this landmark transition?

Ni Pengfei: Only the city of China can be a rising China. An agricultural China cannot be a rising China.

Cities are the gathering point for high-quality resources in the world, countries, and regions, leading economic development, and the pole of economic growth. They are also the center of innovation and wealth creation. In the 21st century, the global development will depend mainly on the vigor of the city. The country’s competition will be highlighted by the competition of the city. Cities will become an important source of corporate competitive advantage, and citizens will gain free development opportunities from more competitive cities. Enjoy more full value benefits.

The development of urbanization and urbanization in China has caused a large number of people to migrate from rural areas to urban areas, transitioning from subsistence and well-to-do to prosperity, and upgrading from low quality to high quality, which has caused a historic change in the overall level of human development. The rise of Chinese cities will bring direct or indirect values, benefits, and opportunities to the world; China’s accelerating urbanization will make a special contribution to maintaining a certain growth rate for the world economy in the coming decades.

China's urbanization promotion and the rise of cities will accelerate the accumulation of global resources and factors in Chinese cities, greatly facilitate the technological innovation of China and the spread of global technology in China, increase the overall economic scale and efficiency of China, and realize the full inflow and growth of China's social wealth. . The economic revitalization driven by the rise of Chinese cities will promote a qualitative leap in Chinese social civilization. “When the city is successful, the entire country will also succeed.” The thriving growth of thousands of large, medium, and small cities and tens of thousands of small towns in China and the resulting urbanization effects will create new miracles. .

The "Urban Problem" Will Become the Main Challenge Faced by China's Economy and Society

Xinhuanet.com reporter: When China enters a new stage where urban society is the mainstay, what new kinds of contradictions can be concentrated in the economy and society?

Ni Pengfei: In the past, the issue of “agriculture, rural areas and farmers” may be a major issue facing the Chinese economy and society, because farmers are the main body of the Chinese population. When the urban population exceeds the agricultural population, the rural contradictions will shift to the cities. That is, from now on, the "urban problem" will be a long-term and major challenge facing the Chinese economy and society.

We have noticed that the current thorny problems in the cities are employment problems, migrant workers, urban poverty, housing problems, and urban management issues, which bring about many inconsistencies in urban development. Under the background of economic globalization and the rapid advancement of transportation and communication technology, “city diseases” have not only deepened but also have various forms. They are manifested in environmental pollution, including spiritual and cultural pollution. Sub-poor people have existed for a long time in large numbers. The local population and migrant population are unemployed and coexist. There is a shortage of public health, especially mental health risks, and natural or social causes of disasters.

Xinhua News: According to the report, compared with 2010, the overall pattern of changes in 2011 is mainly reflected in the further narrowing of the gap between cities. The past decade has been the tenth year of the rise of Chinese cities, but the road pattern of this decade is not sustainable. why? What are the current imbalances in urbanization?

Ni Pengfei: The urbanization model of the past decade has been centered on economic development, with industrialization as the main line, market and capital as the traction force, local government as the leading force, land as the main content, and material capital as the driving force.

The urbanization issue of the past model led to the imbalance of spatial structure, the widening gap between the development level of the center and the periphery, the imbalance of the industrial structure, the over-prosperity of the real estate industry, the imbalance of the demand structure, and the lack of consumer demand; the imbalance of the factor structure and economic power mainly depends on the massive consumption of land and other resources. Promote urbanization.

Relevant state agencies and governments at all levels should attach great importance to this and learn from the experience and lessons of other countries, make overall planning as soon as possible, and take proactive measures to avoid falling into the trap of urbanization.

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