The application of air-source heat pump hot and cold water units should follow certain key principles to ensure efficiency and cost-effectiveness. First, these systems are most suitable for small and medium-sized public buildings located in regions with hot summers and cold winters. In such areas, the system can effectively handle both heating and cooling demands, making it a versatile choice. Second, in regions where summers are hot but winters are mild, it's recommended to use air-source heat pumps for heating only when the required heat load is less than the cooling capacity provided by chillers. This helps reduce unnecessary investment and operational costs. Third, in colder regions, air-source heat pumps should not be used if the winter operating coefficient falls below 1.8 or if there is an existing centralized heating source. The winter operating performance factor (COP) is calculated as the unit’s heating output (in kW) divided by its input power.

Description: This article outlines the economic and practical considerations for using air-source heat pumps efficiently. Compared to water-cooled systems, air-source heat pumps typically consume more energy and have higher initial costs, but they offer the advantage of providing both heating and cooling. In regions without centralized heating, they are particularly well-suited, especially where summer cooling and winter heating loads are balanced. These systems tend to perform better in terms of efficiency during winter. From an economic and technical standpoint, they are most appropriate for medium- to small-scale public buildings that operate primarily during the day.

In hot summer and warm winter areas, since heating demand is low and the heating season is short, it’s more cost-effective to use air-source heat pumps for heating in winter while relying on chillers for cooling in summer. This approach can lead to significant savings in both capital and operational expenses. However, in cold climates, careful evaluation is needed. If the outdoor temperature at the end of the operating conditions causes the COP to drop significantly, the system may lose its energy-saving benefits. In such cases, it’s advisable to avoid using air-source heat pumps unless they can maintain a reasonable level of efficiency and reliability.

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