[ China Agricultural Machinery Industry News ] It is understood that the pesticides used in the field of fly-proof plant protection in China include insecticides and acaricides, fungicides, herbicides and plant growth regulators. The selection of aviation-specific pharmacies requires adherence to the following criteria: First, safety. Second, the dosage form is reasonable. The third is anti-volatile and anti-floating. Fourth, the deposition performance is good.
The plant protection and anti-pharmaceutical market needs to be standardized and systematic
The use of plant protection drones for flight defense operations is a major trend in the prevention and control of pests and diseases in farmland in recent years. The use of aircraft for application and plant protection is often referred to as "flying defense". In the field of flying defense, developed countries such as the United States, Japan, and South Korea have had decades of experience and are at the forefront of the world, and China, which has only begun to develop rapidly in the past five years. The insiders pointed out that for the effect of farmland plant protection operations, the technical development of drones is one aspect, which has been repeatedly emphasized and valued; on the other hand, the use of special agents for flying defense. The two are like two wings, and they are indispensable. However, at present, in China's flight defense market, there are few special pharmaceutical products for flying defense, which are difficult to purchase, product standards are different, and there are no supporting application solutions.
According to the statistics of the National Agricultural Technology Promotion Center, the annual use of chemical pesticides in China is around 1 million tons. At present, most of the pesticides in China are still sprayed by the traditional knapsack sprayer. The dosage of the liquid is large, and the phenomenon of “run, run, drip and leak†is serious. The effective utilization rate of pesticides is only about 30%, which is far lower than that of developed countries. . The Ministry of Agriculture put forward the action plan of “achieving zero growth of fertilizer and pesticide use by 2020†in order to solve the problem of large use of chemical pesticides in China but low effective utilization rate. This is also an important reason for the rapid development of plant protection drones in recent years.
Injecting medicine into the plant protection machine
The use of plant protection drones for flying defense operations, the primary solution is the problem of flying anti-agents. The reporter learned from the literature that the reason why conventional pesticide preparations cannot be directly applied to flying defense operations is because conventional pesticide preparations are only suitable for large-volume conventional spraying equipment, in order to meet the requirements of dispersibility, wettability, suspension rate, etc. The ground needs to be diluted with water 30~50 kg to be evenly distributed, and the dilution ratio is 3000~5000 times. The special agent for flying anti-defense is applied to low-capacity or ultra-low-capacity application, which needs to meet the sedimentation, anti-drift, high adhesion, etc. It is required that only 500-1000 ml of water per acre is used, and the dilution ratio is only 30-50 times.
It is reported that when plant protection drones are used for flight defense operations, low-capacity or ultra-low-volume sprays are required, and high-concentration liquids and ultra-fine spray droplets are required, which are not achievable by general pesticide preparations. In addition, combined with the actual situation of plant protection drone spraying, it is known that the application of low-capacity or ultra-low-volume spray, high concentration of liquid medicine, fine spray droplets, etc. have high requirements, and general pesticide preparations are difficult to achieve.
How to choose flying anti-drug
The author understands that the pesticides used in the field of fly defense and plant protection in China include insecticides and acaricides, fungicides, herbicides and plant growth regulators. The earliest developed pesticide-specific model for aircraft operations is an ultra-low volume liquid agent, which is a special oil agent that is directly sprayed onto the target without dilution, and has low viscosity and high stability.
In addition, nano-formulation is also a direction of research on special agents for fly defense. Because nano-pesticides do not form crystal aggregates of pesticides as the water in the droplets evaporates, they will be uniformly dispersed into nanoparticles, and because of the addition of anti-drift agents, the viscosity of the liquid is increased. Resistance to drift occurs.
However, some insiders also said that nano-pesticide still needs market verification, and the agent suitable for flying defense is not so mysterious. The additives suitable for flying defense are not so ugly. As long as it is suitable for production quality, it can be used. No matter how good. Badness requires market and effect to judge.
According to the author's understanding, the selection of aviation-specific pharmacies requires adherence to the following criteria:
One is security. Due to the high concentration of chemical liquid used in plant protection and fly defense, high-concentration pesticides are required not only for crop safety, but also for their toxicity and environmental safety. They should fully evaluate their safety and risks, and make emergency plans for risk prevention. The pesticide ingredients are required to have high activity, low dosage, internal conductivity, crop safety, etc., and follow the basic principles of synergism, toxicity, phytotoxicity, resistance, acid-base reaction and broad spectrum.
In the selection of the combination of drugs, according to the characteristics of the active ingredients, combined with the occurrence of crop pests and diseases, focus on the effective period of the active ingredients, do not adversely affect the crops after mixing, avoid the occurrence of phytotoxicity, and avoid negative between active ingredients. Cross resistance.
Second, the dosage form is reasonable. Since the concentration of the chemical liquid for flying defense is high, it is necessary to select a preparation which can be diluted at a high concentration and is not easily clogged, and delamination, precipitation, and precipitation do not occur for a certain period of time. For formulations containing organic solvents, organic solvents are required to be low in toxicity and high in density. In addition, when mixing two or more different preparations, the compatibility is good, the compatibility test is performed in advance, and the dilution is performed twice in use. Add special fly defense additives if necessary.
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