First, the waste aluminum primary sorting, grading stacking, such as aluminum, wrought aluminum alloy, cast aluminum alloy, and the like mixture. This is very important. For example, Shanghai Xinge Nonferrous Metals Co., Ltd., the largest importer of aluminum scrap in China, accounts for about one-tenth of the total imports of aluminum. The raw material processing is highly computerized, and all incoming materials are stored in sections, and the inventory is managed according to quantity, chemical composition, recovery rate and cost. With this information, the smelting process can be used to calculate the most economical formula for the production of alloy ingots and to ensure product quality.

For scrap products, to be disassembled to remove the steel and the aluminum material and connected to other non-ferrous metal member, and then by washing, crushing, magnetic separation and drying step of producing scrap material. For thin and loose sheet-like scrap aluminum parts, such as locking arms on the car, speed gear bushings and aluminum chips, they are pressed into a bag with a hydraulic metal baler. For steel-cored aluminum stranded wires, the steel core should be separated and the aluminum wire wound into a coil.

Iron impurities are very harmful to the smelting of scrap aluminum. When iron is too much, brittle metal crystals are formed in the aluminum, thereby reducing its mechanical properties and reducing its corrosion resistance. The iron content should generally be controlled below 1.2%. For waste aluminum with iron content above 1.5%, it can be used as a deoxidizer for the steel industry. Commercial aluminum alloys rarely use aluminum scrap with high iron content. At present, there is no very successful method in the aluminum industry to satisfactorily remove excess iron from scrap aluminum, especially in the form of stainless steel.

Waste aluminum often contains organic non-metallic impurities such as paint, oil, plastic and rubber. It must be removed before it can be smelted. For wire-like waste aluminum, mechanical coating or shear stripping, heat stripping, chemical stripping, etc. are generally used to remove the foreskin.

At present, many domestic enterprises use high-temperature ablation to remove insulators. During the ablation process, a large amount of harmful gases are generated, which seriously pollutes the air. If a combination of low-temperature baking and mechanical peeling is adopted, the insulator can be softened by heat, the mechanical strength is lowered, and then peeled off by mechanical boring, thereby achieving the purpose of purification and at the same time recovering the insulator material. The coating, oil and other contaminants on the surface of the waste aluminum vessel can be cleaned with an organic solvent such as acetone. If it cannot be removed, it should be stripped in a paint stripper. The maximum temperature of the paint stripping furnace should not exceed 566 ° C. As long as the waste material stays in the furnace for a sufficient period of time, the general oil and coating can be removed.

For aluminum foil paper, it is difficult to effectively separate the aluminum foil layer and the paper fiber layer by ordinary waste paper pulping equipment. The effective separation method is to first heat and press the aluminum foil paper in an aqueous solution, and then quickly discharge it to a low pressure environment. And mechanical agitation. This separation method can recover both fiber pulp and aluminum foil.

The liquefaction separation of waste aluminum is the development direction of recycling aluminum metal in the future. It combines the pretreatment of reclaimed aluminum scrap with remelting, which not only shortens the process, but also avoids air pollution to the utmost extent, and makes the recovery of net metal. The rate has been greatly improved. The waste aluminum liquefaction separation device has a filter for allowing gas particles to pass through. In the liquefaction layer, aluminum is precipitated at the bottom, and organic substances such as paint adhered to the waste aluminum are decomposed into gas, tar and solid carbon at 450 ° C or higher, and then passed through a separator. The internal oxidation unit is completely burned. The waste is stirred by a rotating drum, mixed with the dissolved liquid in the silo, and impurities such as sand and gravel are separated into the gravel separation zone, and the dissolved liquid taken out by the scrap is returned to the liquefaction bin through the recovery screw.

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