Electric cars steadily move toward tomorrow
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Editor's note: After years of efforts, China has made gratifying achievements in electric vehicles. However, to achieve the industrialization of electric vehicles, we still have a lot of work to do. For example, the key components and technologies have yet to be improved. Policy support is more important for the development of electric vehicles. From November 1 this year, the “Regulations on the Access to Production of New Energy Vehicles†was formally implemented. We can predict that the policy environment for the development of electric vehicles in the future will become better and better. Domestic large-scale automobile groups are the backbone of the development of electric vehicles. We hope that they can increase their investment in technology and capital on the existing basis and create more and better self-branded electric vehicles.
From October 25th to 27th, the Ministry of Science and Technology, the State Environmental Protection Administration and the Beijing Municipal People's Government jointly held a forum on the development of clean automobile technology innovation in Beijing, which combed and summarized the development of new energy vehicles in China. Xu Guanhua, former Minister of the Ministry of Science and Technology, pointed out at the meeting that after years of efforts, China's electric vehicles have achieved major phase results.
Three types of electric cars have great development
Since the launch of the major science and technology project for electric vehicles in 2001, China has adopted "three verticals" for fuel cells, hybrid power and pure electric vehicles, multi-energy powertrain control, drive motors, and power batteries as "three horizontals," forming "three." "Three vertical and three horizontal" development pattern. At present, this pattern has already achieved initial results.
Ouyang Minggao, member of the Standing Committee of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference and the head of the National 863 Program for Energy Conservation and New Energy Vehicle Major Projects, said: “The pure electric vehicles took the lead in entering the road operations through an announcement and started exporting; hybrid vehicles were able to operate passengers with small batch production. Capability; Fuel Cell Vehicle R&D has made significant progress and entered the international advanced ranks.â€
The SAIC Group and Tongji University have made breakthroughs in fuel cell vehicles, and have surpassed the series and Roewe fuel cell cars.
China's self-developed electric cars have achieved bulk export. As of last year, Tianjin Qingyuan Electric Vehicle Co., Ltd. sold 500 electric vehicles overseas, mainly to the United States. This year, Tianjin Qingyuan Electric Vehicle Co., Ltd. has received more than 1,000 orders from the international market.
According to Lin Cheng, a professor at Beijing Institute of Technology, from 2005, Beijing took the lead in the demonstration of the operation of pure electric vehicles at 121 public transit lines. During the Beijing Olympic Games, 50 pure electric buses equipped with lithium-ion batteries will operate in the Olympic center.
Hybrid vehicles developed by companies such as Dongfeng and FAW have been piloted in Wuhan and Changchun. Among them, as of the end of August this year, the number of hybrid buses operating online in Wuhan reached 50, with a total of 1.546 million kilometers. The service life and driving range of the hybrid vehicle are as expected, and the reliability and safety of the vehicle are good. Ouyang Minggao predicts that the industrialization of hybrid buses will usher in a small upsurge in the near future. It is expected that there will be 300-500 orders for the next 3 to 5 years.
Breakthroughs in key component technologies
Key components of electric vehicles include power batteries and drive motors. After technological breakthroughs in the "Eighth Five-Year Plan", "Ninth Five-Year Plan" and "Tenth Five-Year Plan", its technology has achieved breakthroughs.
“After years of efforts, the research and development capabilities of electric vehicles have become weaker and weaker, resulting in a relatively complete industrial layout. The key parts and components technologies such as fuel cell engines, drive motors, and power batteries have made progress and formed an auxiliary industrial chain.†Ouyang Ming Gao said.
Wu Zhixin, general manager of Qingyuan Electric Vehicle Co., Ltd. and other experts, at present, the power of nickel-metal hydride batteries and lithium-ion power batteries has been greatly improved and their performance has been improved. In the aspect of power battery safety, major breakthroughs have also been made. However, to achieve industrialization of electric vehicles, battery technology still requires major breakthroughs, such as reducing battery prices, extending driving range, and shortening charging time.
The low-voltage fuel cell independently developed in China has a service life of nearly 5,000 hours, and has good reliability and durability, and its cost is much lower than that of foreign countries.
The technical indicators of the drive motor have been improved. According to Gong Jun, general manager of Shanghai Anida Drive Technology Co., Ltd., at present, we have formed a permanent magnet motor R&D platform with Chinese characteristics. The technology is mature, but the consistency of manufacturing process and batch production needs to be improved.
The development model of combining government, production, learning, and research
Initial formation
Zhang Hongyan, a lifelong professor at the University of Toledo, told reporters that from the experience of the United States and other countries, the government plays a very important role in promoting the use of new technologies and new products. The rapid development and progress of electric vehicles in China cannot be separated from the support and encouragement of our government. Under the strong promotion of policies, joint development by companies, universities, and other research institutions is a very good model.
In September 2001, the Ministry of Science and Technology specially set up major special projects for electric vehicles in the national "863" plan. Specialized starting from the height of the national automobile industry development strategy, choose the new generation of electric vehicle technology as the main direction of China's automotive science and technology innovation, organize enterprises, institutions of higher learning and scientific research institutions, in an integrated manner of government, production, learning, and research. Joint research.
State Grid Corporation will successively build a number of charging stations to provide battery rental and other services, and actively provide basic facilities and services for the promotion of electric vehicles. On August 11 this year, Hangzhou has built a rechargeable multi-function charging station.
Starting from November 1st this year, the “Regulations on the Management of Production Access to New Energy Vehicles†issued by the National Development and Reform Commission is formally implemented, which means that the production management of new energy vehicles such as electric vehicles will have regulations to follow. In addition, the Ministry of Finance arranged special funds to support energy-saving and new energy vehicles.
“Now, companies have both pressure and hope. The pressure is that energy saving and environmental protection technologies are changing with each passing day. Companies must increase their investment and do a solid job in order to achieve long-term development,†said Liu Zhijia, assistant general manager of Chery Automobile. “Without relevant policies and solid infrastructure support, the development of new energy vehicles can only be a matter of paper. Now that government support has increased and the society has increasingly recognized energy-saving and environmentally friendly vehicles, we have seen hope.â€