With the continuous improvement of people's requirements for driving comfort, car seats are constantly changing. Although the basic structure has not changed much, materials, functions, and designs have undergone tremendous changes.

Composition: The six-part composition adjustment mechanism is the key

From the surface, the structure of the car seat is very simple, but actually the car seat is composed of six parts. Li Qiang, a technical staff of Wuhan Taiji Johnson Car Seat Co., Ltd., told reporters: “Taking the driver seat of an automobile as an example, it mainly consists of adjusting mechanism, foam, face cover, seat cushion skeleton, recliner, backrest frame and headrest etc. In the composition, the adjustment mechanism is not only a key part of the fixed seat but also plays a role in adjusting the front, back, or up and down position of the seat."

With the large number of applications of micro-motors in seats, seat adjustments have gradually become motorized. Li Qiang said: "The current direction of electric car seats can reach more than twenty, the seat can not only be forward and backward and up and down, backrest forward tilt back, front and back flip headrests and other multi-directional adjustment, and even can be installed in the back The retracted electric lumbar support makes it easier for the seat to fit passengers in different postures and sitting positions."

In addition to the skeleton, adjustment mechanism and recliner, the foaming process is another major core technology of car seats. Li Qiang said: “The seat foam is mostly foam molded first, and then manually installed face sleeves. In order to ensure the smooth surface of the cover, usually using elastic collars, Velcro or Christmas tree buckles fixed face sleeve, and J-strips or elastic collars are used to stretch the edge of the sleeve over the frame.In foreign countries, in order to reduce the labor cost of the mounting surface sleeve, a PIP foaming process (Pourin Place) is also popular. The foaming material is directly filled in and molded and molded at one time, although the process does not need manual sheathing process, because the foaming material easily overflows from the surface seam seam, resulting in an increase in the rejection rate of the finished product, the process is not yet in progress. Domestic large-scale application."

Standard: static, dynamic, and comfortable to operate

With the increasing popularity of automobile consumption, the comfort of car seats has received more and more attention. Li Qiang told reporters: "The seat comfort mainly includes static comfort, dynamic comfort (also known as vibration comfort) and operating comfort. Static comfort refers to the comfort characteristics of the seat provided to the human body in a static state. , mainly related to the seat size parameters, materials, adjustment characteristics, etc.; dynamic comfort refers to the car in the driving state through the seat frame and cushion to transmit vibration to the human body after the comfort characteristics; operating comfort mainly refers to Driver comfort during driving."

The car seat designer achieves the comfortable performance of the seat from three aspects. Zhang Hongguang, a technician at Fuzhou Ying Taier Dasha Automobile Seating Co., Ltd., told reporters: “Seat adjustment is one of the most basic factors in achieving seat comfort. Now, not only can front seats be adjusted in multiple directions, but some high-end cars can also be adjusted. The rear seats also began to use adjustable independent seats, so that rear passengers can enjoy long-distance ride comfort.

Zhang Hongguang went on to say: “Variations of seat temperature can also achieve the best comfort requirements. In the cold winter, heated seats are undoubtedly the best choice to quickly clear the chill and let the warmth wrap around the carriage. In the hot summer, the seat Ventilation devices allow the passengers to ventilate their buttocks and back from perspiration. In addition, some luxury car seats are equipped with massage functions."

Li Qiang said: "In addition to the car's suspension, seat frame springs, the hardness of the seat foam also determines the ride comfort of the car. Because the different parts of the cushion and backrest carry different roles, such as cushions and backrests The middle part should be soft and comfortable to ride, while the cushion support and back lumbar support on the outer thighs of the occupants need to be harder so as to provide strong support for the occupants when the vehicle turns. Therefore, the car seat designer passed The foaming process has been improved to produce a double-hardness seat foam, which in turn improves and enhances the comfort of the seat."

Safety: new technologies such as airbag integrated seats appear

In addition to providing passengers with adequate comfort, car seats also need to protect the safety of drivers and passengers. Uncomfortable seats can easily lead to fatigue, distraction, and danger. In addition, when the vehicle collides, whether the seat is strong and whether it can have the function of reducing/preventing the occupant from colliding twice is directly related to the safety of the occupant.

At present, the safety protection provided by car seats for members mainly includes neck protection and anti-skid protection. Sun Jianjun, designer of Foggia (Wuhan) Car Seat Co., Ltd., said: "The neck protection is mainly to protect the neck health of the occupants in the rear collision accident. According to the different structure of the front and rear seats, the neck protects the seat. The device adopts a backrest and instant backward tilt technology and a device for connecting double airbags in the headrest and the backrest, respectively, to reduce or reduce the occupant's neck injury by reducing the relative speed difference of the occupant's trunk and head and neck at the moment of tail impact. When a car collides forward, the occupant will slide down from the seat due to the inertial frontal rush, which will cause the legs, knees and other parts to rush to the hard objects under the dashboard and be damaged, and may further be indented and driven by collision. In the cabin, the engine and other foreign objects squeezed, resulting in more serious injuries.The anti-submarine slide seat is equipped with a rapid air-inflating system similar to the airbag between the skeleton and the seat cushion on the front side of the cushion, in the moment of collision. The airbag is rapidly inflated and inflated, lifting the seat upwards, so that the occupant can avoid slipping due to the thigh lift, eliminating the secondary touch caused by the slippage. Or compression injury. "

At present, car seat manufacturers integrate seat belts and airbags in car seats for better passenger protection. Sun Jianjun said: "At present, most of the three-point seat belts in the front seats of automobiles are fixed on the B-pillars. Although hinged and fastened, occupants of different statures will be safe because of different seat front and rear positions. The span of the belt on the body is very different, although the position of the fulcrum on some seatbelts can be adjusted, but it cannot achieve the best protection effect.Therefore, some luxury sedans have begun to install the seatbelt completely independent of the seat. The integrated seat belts provide reliable three-point safety protection for occupants of various sizes."

The airbag integrated seat, as its name suggests, is equipped with an airbag on the car seat. Zhang Hongguang said: "This type of seat is not only automatically tightening the seat belt of the front seat when the system senses an imminent crash, but it will also automatically blow air to inflate the airbags in cushions on both sides of seat cushions and backrests. This precaution enables the seat to be surrounded by passengers and provides protection. The system also helps to move the seat away from the doors and dashboard so that the airbags in the side cushions can perform its instructions more effectively. ."

Reminder: Pay attention to neck protection to purchase active head restraints

In the safety of car seats, the protection of the driver's neck is increasingly valued. It is the cervical spine of an occupant in the vehicle that is most vulnerable when the car is rear-ended. Because, when being rear-ended, the body moves forward under the support of the seat back, and the head usually leaves a certain space with the head restraint. Because there is no support, the back of the inertia is behind, and the cervical spine is very vulnerable at this time. Injury, and even an instant break.

Sun Jianjun said: "At present, some models are equipped with active head restraints. In the front seat back, a link is designed. When an impact from the rear occurs, the weight of the body is squeezed on the link, and the linkage Under the influence of the mechanism, the head restraint moves forward, greatly reducing the distance between the occupant's head and the head restraint, providing good support for the occupant's head and neck, and reducing or preventing neck damage.

The active head restraint, such a configuration that seems to be simple but can be saved at a critical moment, although most models on the market are equipped with this configuration, this configuration has not been popularized and become a standard configuration. Zhang Hongguang also stated that the active head restraint technology is not complicated and the cost is not high, but only a part of the model equipment indicates that the car manufacturer has not noticed this yet. On the other hand, domestic consumers are buying cars. Overly concerned with the configuration of sunroof, leather, navigation, DVD, etc. is not the core value, neglecting the safety configuration that the car seat should have.